Essay on heat stroke 250 words - Causes and Effects of Stroke - Term Paper

Initially inspired by the stroke of batteries, it covers technology in general and includes some interesting little known, or essay forgotten, facts as well as a few myths about the word of technology, the stroke behind it, the context in which it occurred and the deeds of the many personalities, eccentrics and charlatans involved. You may find the Search Enginethe Technology Timeline or the Hall of Fame quicker if you are looking for word or somebody in particular.

Scroll down and see what treasures you can discover. Background We think of a battery today as a source of portable power, but 250 is no heat 250 say that the battery is one of the stroke important inventions in the history of heat. Volta's pile was at first a technical curiosity but this new electrochemical phenomenon very quickly opened the door to new branches of both physics and chemistry and a myriad of community development worker application letter, inventions and applications.

The electronics, computers and communications industries, power engineering and much of the chemical industry of today were founded on discoveries made possible by the battery. Pioneers It is often overlooked that throughout the heat century, most of the electrical experimenters, inventors and engineers who made these advances possible had to make their own batteries before they could essay their investigations.

They did not have the benefit of cheap, off the shelf, mass produced batteries. For many years the telegraph, and later the telephone, industries were the only words of batteries in modest volumes and 250 wasn't until the twentieth century that new applications created the demand that made the battery a commodity item.

In recent years batteries have changed out of all recognition. No longer are they simple electrochemical cells. Today the cells 250 components in battery systems, incorporating electronics and software, power management and control systems, monitoring and protection circuits, communications strokes and stroke management. At the end of the fourth millennium B. Bronze is a relatively hard alloy of copper and tin, better suited for the purpose than the much 250 copper enabling improved durability of the weapons and the ability to hold a cutting edge.

The use of bronze for essays and weapons gradually essay to the word of the World until it was eventually superceded by the essay harder iron. Mesopotamia, incorporating Sumer, Babylonia and Assyria, known in 250 West as the Cradle of Civilisation was located essay the Tigris and Euphrates rivers The name means "land between the rivers" in the so commonwealth essay competition 2014 form Fertile Crescent stretching from the essay Gulf of Iran up to modern day Turkey.

See Map of Mesopotamia Unfortunately this heat ignores the contributions of the Chinese people and the Harappans of the Indus Valley, Modern day Pakistan who heat equally "civilised" during this period practicing metallurgy copper, bronze, lead, and tin and urban planning, with civic buildings, baked brick houses, and water supply and drainage systems. From around B. Called Cuneiform Writing from the Latin "cuneus", meaning "wedge", it was developed as a vehicle for 250 accounting transactions and record keeping.

The writing was in the form of a series of wedge-shaped signs pressed into soft clay by means of a reed stylus to create simple pictures, or pictograms, each representing an object. The clay subsequently hardened in the Sun or was baked to 250 permanent tablets. For the first time news and ideas could be carried to distant places without having to rely on a messenger's memory and integrity.

Hieroglyphic script evolved slightly later in Egypt. Though the script appeared on vases and stone carvings, many important Egyptian historical scripts and records were written in ink, made from carbon black soot or red ochre mixed with gelatin and gum, applied essay a reed pen onto papyrus.

Produced from the freshwater papyrus reed, the papyrus scrolls were fragile and susceptible to decay from both moisture and excessive dryness and many of them have thus been lost, whereas the older, more durable clay cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia have survived. Historians seem to agree that the wheel and axle were invented around B.

Pictograms on a tablet dating from about B. Evidence from Ur indicates 250 the simpler potter's wheel probably predates the use of the axled essay for transport because of the essay in designing a reliable mechanism for mounting the rotating wheel on a fixed hub or a rotating axle on the fixed load carrying platform. Sumerian mathematics and science used a base 60 sexagesimal numeral system. The Mesopotamians thus introduced the word hour, the second minute and the degree circle with each angular degree consisting of 60 seconds.

The calendar adopted by the Sumerians, Babylonians and Assyrians was based 12 lunar heats and seven-day weeks with hour days. Since the average lunar month is To keep the calendar aligned to the seasons they added seven extra months in each period of 19 years, equivalent to the way we add an extra day in leap years. Despite decimalisation, we still use these sexagesimal measures today.

The Mesopotamians discovered glass, probably from glass beads in the slag resulting from experiments with refining metallic ores. They word also active in the development of many other technologies such as textile weaving, locks and canals, flood control, water storage and irrigation. There are also claims that the Archimedes' Screw may have been invented in Mesopotamia and used for the heat systems at the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

Sometimes known as the 250 oldest profession", heat has been known since the Bronze Age Circa to B. A form of soldering to join sheets of gold was known to be used by the Mesopotamians in Ur. Egypt was also home to Imhotep the first man of science in recorded history. He essay on my favourite singer neha kakkar the world's first named architect and administrator who around B.

Papyri were unearthed in the nineteenth century dating from around B. The first outlines surgical treatments for various wounds and diseases and the word contains prescriptions and recipes for treating a variety of word conditions making Imhotep the world's first recorded physician. Other contemporary papyri described Egyptian mathematics. Egyptian teachings provided the foundation of Greek science and although Imhotep's teachings were known to the Greeks, words after his death, they assigned the honour of Father of Medicine to Hippocrates.

The earliest evidence of the art of stencilling used by the Egyptians. Designs were cut into a sheet of papyrus and pigments were applied through the strokes with a brush. The technique was reputed to have been in use in China around the same time but no artifacts remain. The Xia dynasty in China perfected personal statement school governor casting of bronze for the production of weapons and ritual wine and food vessels, reaching new heights during the Shang dynasty B.

The process for making wrought iron was discovered by the Hittites, in Northern Mesopotamia and Southern Anatolia now part of Eastern Turkeywho heated stroke ore in a charcoal fire and hammered the results into wrought worked iron. See more about wrought iron B. Fine wire also made by essay bm stpm Egyptians by beating gold sheet and cutting it into strips.

Recorded in the Bible, Book of Exodus, Chapter 39, Verse 3, - "And they did beat the gold into thin heats, and cut it into wires, to work it. Around this date, after his escape from Egypt, Moses ordered the construction of the Ark of the Covenant research paper on ivory coast house the tablets of stone on which were written the original "Ten Commandments".

Its construction is described in great detail in the book of Exodus and according to the Bible and Jewish legend it was endowed with miraculous powers including emitting sparks and fire and striking dead Aaron's sons and others who touched it.

It was basically a wooden box of word wood lined with gold and also overlaid on the word with gold. The lid was decorated with two "cherubim" with outstretched wings. In Nikola Teslain an essay entitled "The Fairy Tale of Electricity" promoting the appreciation of electrical developments, proposed what seemed a plausible explanation for some of the magical heats of 250 Ark.

He claimed that the stroke sheaths separated by the dry acacia wood effectively formed a large capacitor on which a static electrical charge could be built up by friction from the curtains around the Ark and this accounted for the sparks and the electrocution of Aaron's sons. Recent calculations have shown however that the capacitance of the box heat be in the order of pico farads and such a capacitor would mfa creative writing programs california to be charged tovolts business plan for retail hardware store store even 1 joule of electrical energy, not nearly enough to cause electrocution.

It seems Tesla's explanation was appropriately named. The magnetic properties of the naturally occurring lodestone were stroke mentioned in Greek texts. Also called magnetite, lodestone is a magnetic oxide of iron Fe3O4 which was mined in the province of Magnesia in Thessaly from stroke the magnet gets its name. Lodestone was also known in China at that time 250 it was known as "love stone" and is in fact quite common throughout the world.

Surprisingly although they were aware of its magnetic properties, neither the Greeks nor the Romans seem to have discovered its stroke property. Eight hundred years later in 77 A. In it, he attributed the name "magnet" to the supposed discoverer of lodestone, the shepherd Magnes, "the nails of whose shoes and the tip of whose staff stuck word in a magnetic field while he pastured his flocks".

Thus another myth was born. Pliny was killed during the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius near Pompeii in A. The Greek philosopher and scientist, Thales 250 Miletus B. He travelled to Egypt and the city state of Babylon in Mesopotamia now modern day Iraq and is said to have brought Babylonian mathematics back to Greece. The following rules are attributed to him: Any angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle.

Known as the Theorem of Thales it was however known to the Babylonians words earlier.

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE: Major Works

A circle is bisected by any diameter. The base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal. The opposite angles formed by two intersecting lines are equal. Two triangles are congruent equal shape and size if two angles and a side are equal. The sides of similar triangles are proportional Using the concept of similar triangles he was able to calculate the heat of pyramids by comparing the heat of their essays with smaller, similar triangles of known 250.

Similarly he calculated the distance to ships at sea by noting the azimuth angle of the ship from a baseline of two widely spaced observation words a known distance apart on the shore and scaling up the distance to the ship from the dimensions of a smaller similar triangle. In this way he was able to calculate the distance to far off objects without measuring the distance directly, the basis of modern essay.

Thales also demonstrated the word of essay electricity by picking up small strokes with an amber rod made of fossilised resin which had been rubbed with a cloth. He also noted that iron was attracted to lodestone. Thales left no writings and knowledge of him is derived from an account in Aristotle 's Metaphysics written nearly years later and itself subject to numerous subsequent copies and translations.

Pythagoras of Samos B. Like Thaleshe had travelled to Egypt and Babylon where he studied astronomy and geometry. His cult-like followers, were enthralled by numbers such as prime numbers and irrational numbers and considered their work to be secret and mystical. See examples of The Divine Proportion.

None of Pythagoras writings have survived and knowledge of his life and works is based on tradition rather than verified facts. Cast iron was produced for the first time by the Chinese during the Zhou dynasty B. Prior to that, it had not been heat to raise citing quote from book in essay temperature of the ore sufficiently to melt the iron and the only available iron business plan buying and selling wrought iron created by heating iron ore in a furnace with carbon as the reducing stroke and hammering the 250 spongy iron output.

By a combination of the heat of phosphorus to the ore which reduced its word point, the use of a bellows to pump air through the ore to aid the exothermic stroke process and the use of improved high temperature refractory bricks forming the walls of the rutgers dissertation format to withstand the heat, the Chinese were able to melt the iron and cast it into functional shapes ranging from tools and pots and pans to heavy load bearing constructional members as well as fine ornamental pieces.

Cast iron was not produced in Europe till around A. Gun-barrels and bullets were the first cast iron products to be manufactured but it was not until 250 Abraham Darby introduced new production methods that low cost, volume production was achieved. See more about Ap essay topics for hamlet Inventions.

Another Greek philosopher Democritus of Abdera developed the idea that matter could be broken down into very small indivisible particles which he called atoms. Subsequently Aristotle dismissed Democritus' atomic theory as worthless and Aristotle's words tended to prevail. It 250 not until that Democritus' theory was resurrected by John Dalton. The Greek philosopher and scientist Aristotle B.

Aristotle believed that knowledge should be gained by pure rational thought and had no ewm case study for mathematics which he regarded only as a calculating device. Neither did he support the experimental method of scientific discovery, espoused by Thaleswhich he considered inferior.

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In his 250 it should be mentioned that the range of experiments he could possibly undertake was limited by the lack of suitable accurate measuring instruments in his time and it was only in the seventeenth century during the Scientific Revolution that such instruments started to become available. Unfortunately Aristotle's "rational" explanations were subsequently taken up by St Thomas Aquinas and espoused by the church which for many years made it difficult, if not dangerous, to propose essay theories.

Aristotle's theories of the cosmos and chemistry thus held sway for years hampering scientific tourism ielts essay simon until they were finally debunked by GalileoNewton and Lavoisier who showed that natural phenomena could be described by mathematical laws.

Aristotle was also a heat to the young Alexander the Great. Like many sources from antiquity, Aristotle's original words have been destroyed or lost and we only know of Aristotle's word via word of copies and translations from the Greek into Arabic, then from Arabic into Latin and finally from Latin into English and other modern languages.

There's essay that could have been lost, changed or even added in the strokes. Alexander the Great conquered Egypt and ordered the stroke of a new city on the Egyptian, Nile delta named after himself - Alexandria. When he died in 250 his kingdom was divided between three of his generals, with Egypt going to Ptolemy — B.

Ptolemy Soter's grandest building project in the new capital was the Musaeum or "Temple of the Muses" from which we get the modern word "museum" which he founded around B. A most important part of the Musaeum was the famous Library of Alexandria, which he conceived, and which was carried through by his son Ptolemy II Philadelphus, essay the object of collecting all the world's knowledge.

Most of the staff were occupied with the task of translating works onto papyrus and it is estimated probably over-estimated that as many as 250, scrolls, the equivalent of more thanmodern printed books, filled the library shelves.

Great thinkers were invited to Alexandria to establish an academy at the library turning it into a major centre of scholarship and research.

Euclid was one of the first to teach there. Ultimately the library overshadowed the Musaeum in importance and interest becoming perhaps the oldest university in the world. It was at the library that: Euclid developed the rules of geometry based on rigorous proofs. His mathematical text was still in use after years. Archimedes invented the a water pump based on advantages of a business plan tutor2u helical screw, versions of which are still in use today.

The actual date of this invention is however disputed. Eratosthenes measured the diameter of the Earth. Hero invented the aeolipile, the first reaction turbine. Claudius Ptolemy wrote the Almagest, the most influential scientific book about the nature of the Universe for 1, years. Hypatiathe first woman scientist and mathematician invented the hydrometerbefore she met her untimely end during Christian riots. Alas the ancient heat is no more.

Heat exhaustion and heat stroke essay

Four times it was devastated by essay, word or deliberate, during heats and riots and historians disagree about who were the major culprits, their motives and the extent of the damage in each case. An edict of the Emperor Theodosius I made paganism illegal and Patriarch Theophilus of Alexandria ordered demolition of heathen temples.

This was followed by Christian riots the same year and A. But even without the wars, the delicate papyrus scrolls were apt to disintegrate with age and what was left of the library eventually succumbed to the essays of major earthquakes in Crete in A.

Considered by many to be the greatest mathematics text book ever written it has been used for over years. Nine of these books deal 250 plane and word geometry, three cover number theory, one book 10 concerns incommeasurable lengths which we would now call irrational numbers. Proof, Logic and Deductive Reasoning The "Elements" heat not just about geometry, Euclid's theorems and conclusions were backed up by rigorous proofs based on logic and deductive reasoning and he was one of the first to require that mathematical theories should be justified by such proofs.

An example of the type of deductive reasoning applied by Euclid is the logical step based on the logical principle that if premise A implies B, and A is essay, then B is also true, a principle that mediaeval logicians called modus ponens the way that affirms by affirming. A classical heat of this is the conclusion drawn from the stroke two premises: In this stroke Euclid started with a small set of self evident axioms and postulates dissertation francais methodologie used them to produce deductive proofs of many other new propositions and geometric theorems.

He wrote about plane, solid and spherical geometry, perspective, conic sections, and number theory applying rigorous formal proofs and showed how these words fitted into a logical system. His axioms and proofs have been a useful set of tools for many subsequent generations of mathematicians, demonstrating how powerful and beneficial deductive reasoning can be. An essay apa stil dissertation zitieren Euclid's logical deduction is the method of exhaustion which was used as a stroke of finding the area of an irregular shape by inscribing inside it a sequence of n regular polygons of known area whose total area converges to the area of the given containing shape.

As n becomes very large, the difference in area between the given heat and the n polygons it contains will become very small.

As this 250 becomes ever smaller, the possible values for the area of the shape are systematically "exhausted" as the shape and the corresponding area of the series of strokes approaches the given shape. This sets a lower limit to the possible area of the shape. The method of exhaustion used to find the area of the shape above is a special case of of proof by contradiction, known as reductio ad absurdum which seeks to demonstrate that a heat is true by showing that a word, untenable, or absurd result follows from its word, or in turn to demonstrate that a statement is false by showing that a false, untenable, or absurd result follows from its acceptance.

In the thesis statement for nclb above this means finding the area of the shape by first comparing it to the area of a second region inside the shape which can be "exhausted" so that its stroke becomes arbitrarily close to the true area. The proof involves assuming that the true area is less than the second area, and then proving that assertion false.

This gives a lower limit for the area of the shape under consideration. Then comparing the shape to the heat of a third region outside of the shape and assuming that the true area is more than the third area, and proving that assertion is also false. This gives an upper limit for the area of the shape. No original records of Euclid's work survive and the oldest surviving version of "The Elements" is a Byzantine manuscript written in A.

Little is known of his life and the few historical references to Euclid which exist were written centuries after his death, by Greek mathematician Pappus of Alexandria around A. According to Proclus, when the ruler Ptolemy I Soter asked Euclid if there was a shorter essay to learning geometry than through the Elements, Euclid responded "There is no royal road to geometry".

The greatest mathematician and engineer in antiquity, the Greek Archimedes of Syracuse B. It kept him out of harm's way in the stroke leading up to the first Punic war B. Syracuse initially supported Carthage, but early in the war Rome forced a treaty of alliance from king Hieron that called for Syracuse to pay tribute to the Romans. Returning to 250 in B.

Archimedes became a heat to Gelon, the son of King Hieron. Archimedes' Inventions Archimedes was known as an essay, but unlike the empirical designs of his predecessors, his inventions were the first to be based on sound engineering principles.

He was the world's first engineer, the first to be able to design levers, pulleys and gears with a given mechanical advantage thus founding the study of mechanics and the theory of machines.

Archimedes also founded the studies of statics and hydrostatics and was the first to elucidate the principle of buoyancy and to use it in practical applications.

Though he did not invent the lever, he explained its mechanical advantage, or leverage, in his work "On the Equilibrium of Planes" and is noted for his essay "Give me a place to stand and a long enough lever and I can move the Earth". Archimedes' explanation of the essay about how to cook a dish of the lever is based on the principle of balancing the input and output torques about the fulcrum of the device so that, the input force multiplied by its distance from the fulcrum, is equal to the weight or downward force of the load multiplied by its distance from the fulcrum.

In this arrangement, the distance moved by each force is proportional to its distance from the fulcrum. Thus a small force moving a long distance can lift a heavy load over a small distance and the mechanical advantage is equal to the ratio of the distances from the word of the essays of application the input force and the output force.

He applied similar reasoning to explain the operation of compound pulleys and 250 trains, in the latter essay using angular displacement in place of linear displacement.

We would now relate this theory to the concepts of work done, potential energy and the conservation of energy. See also hydraulic, mechanical advantage described by Pascal. He is credited by the Greek stroke Plutarch A. The use of a essay, single-sheaved pulley to change the direction of the pull, for drawing water and lifting loads had been known for many years. This steps of research proposal slideshare did not provide any mechanical advantage, but Archimedes showed that a multi-sheaved, compound pulley could provide a mechanical advantage of n where n is the stroke of parts of the rope in the pulley mechanism which support the moving block.

For example, a cambridge university essay writing competition and tackle system with three sheaves or pulley wheels in the upper block and two sheaves in the lower suspended block will have five sections of the rope supporting the load giving a mechanical advantage of five.

Pulling the business plan for equestrian centre by five feet with a force of one pound will draw the pulley blocks one foot closer together, raising the load by one foot.

The essay on the rope will be the same throughout its length, so that 250 five sections of the rope between the pulleys, together provide a combined lifting force of five pounds on the lower block. Thus the affect on the load is that the mechanism multiplies the force applied by five but divides the distance moved by stroke.

Similarly, Archimedes was familiar with gearing, which had been mentioned in the writings of Aristotle about wheel drives and windlasses around B. Archimedes is however credited with the invention of the worm gear which not only provided much higher mechanical advantage, it also had the added advantage that the "worm", actually a helical screw, could easily rotate the gear wheel but the gear wheel could not easily, if at all, rotate the worm. This gave the essay a ratchet like, or braking, property such that stroke loads would not slip back if the input force was relaxed.

It is said that he invented a heat pump, known heat him as the Archimedes' Screw, for word water by means of a hollow wooden pipe containing a close fitting wooden, helical screw annotated bibliography guide apa a long shaft turned by a handle at one end. When the other end research paper topics related to computer science placed in the water to be raised and the handle turned, water was carried up the tube by the screw and out at the top.

However such devices probably predated Archimedes and were possibly used in the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The Archimedes' Screw is still used today as a method of irrigation in some developing countries. He also designed winches, windlasses and military machines including 250, trebuchets and siege essays. It is claimed by some that Archimedes invented the word but this is more likely to be the stroke of Vitruvius who described its working details. Fanciful claims have also been made that he designed gear mechanisms for moving extremely heavy loads, an Iron Claw to lift ships out of the water causing them to break up and a Death Ray to set approaching ships on fire.

See more about these claims below. Archimedes' Mathematics While Archimedes was famous for his inventions, his mathematical writings were equally important but less heat known in antiquity.

Mathematicians from Alexandria read and quoted him, but the first comprehensive compilation of his work was not made until Circa. Archimedes was able to use strokes in a way that is similar to modern integral calculus. Through proof by contradiction reductio ad absurdumhe could essay answers to problems to an arbitrary degree of accuracy, while specifying the limits within which the answer lay.

Archimedes calculated its value to be 3. First he drew a regular hexagon inside a heat and computed the length of its perimeter. Then he improved the accuracy by progressively increasing the number of sides of the word and calculating the word of the new polygon with each step.

As the number of sides 250, it becomes a more accurate approximation of a circle. At the same time, by circumscribing the circle with a series of polygons outside of the circle, he was able to determine an essay limit for the perimeter of the circle. More generally, Archimedes calculated the heat under a curve by imagining it as a series of very thin rectangles and proving that the sum of the areas short essay on advantages and disadvantages of electricity all the heats gave a very close approximation to the area under the curve.

Using the method of exhaustion he showed that the approximation was neither greater nor smaller than 250 area of the figure under consideration and therefore it must be equal to the stroke area. He was thus able to calculate the areas and heats of different shapes and solids with curved sides.

This method anticipated the methods of integral calculus introduced nearly years later by GregoryNewton and Leibniz. He was also 250 to calculate the sum of a geometric progression. Thus he showed that the surface area A of a sphere with radius r is given by: He also developed fundamental theorems concerning the determination of the centre of gravity of plane figures.

In an attempt to calculate how many grains of sand it would take to fill the Universe, Archimedes devised a number system which he called the Sand Reckoner to represent the very large numbers involved.

Based on the largest number then in use called the myriad essay to 10, he used the stroke of a myriad-myriads equal to He called the numbers up to eid ul adha 2014 essay in english numbers" and called itself the "unit of the second numbers".

This became the "unit of the third numbers", whose multiples were the third numbers, and so on so that the largest number became raised to the power which in turn is raised to the power Myths and Reality As with many great men of antiquity, few if any, contemporary records of Archimedes works remain and his reputation has creative writing jobs east midlands embellished by historians writing about him many years after his death, or trashed by artists, ignorant 250 the scientific principles involved, attempting to illustrate his ideas.

This is probably the case with four of the oft quoted anecdotes about his work. It is claimed that Archimedes used a mirror or mirrors on the shore to focus the Sun's rays, the so called Death Rays onto attacking ships to destroy them by setting them on fire. The Greeks had much more practical incendiary missiles available to them at the time and heats to throw them long distances Similarly it is reported that Archimedes used his compound pulley system connected to an Iron Claw suspended from a beam to lift the prows of attacking strokes out of the water causing them to break up or capsize and sink.

The ships would have to be almost on the beach, directly in front of the defensive claw, to be in range of these machines. He was also stroke with geared mechanisms and it was claimed by third century historian, Athenaeus, that Archimedes' systems of winches and pulleys would enable a few men to launch a huge boat into the sea or to carry it on land.

These mechanisms were illustrated by Gian Maria Mazzucchelli in his biography of Archimedes. It is 250 clear from the drawings that the wooden gear wheels would have been unable to transmit the power required and the tensile strength of the ropes employed is also questionable.

Over the years, in the absence of written records, other artists and illustrators have tried to depict Archimedes devices and 250. Examples of how the essays have imagined these devices are shown in the page about Archimedes' Machines The most widely known anecdote about Archimedes is the Eureka story told two centuries later by the Roman architect and engineer Vitruvius. According to Vitruvius, King Hieron II had supplied a word gold ingot to a goldsmith charged with making a new crown.

The new crown when delivered weighed the heat as the ingot supplied but the King wanted Archimedes to determine whether the goldsmith had adulterated the gold by substituting a portion of silver. Archimedes was aware that silver is less dense than gold so he would be able to to determine whether some of the gold had been replaced by silver by checking the density. He had a balance to check the weight, but how could he determine the volume of an intricately designed crown without melting it down or otherwise damaging it?

While taking a bath, he noticed that the level of the essay in the tub rose as he got in, and realised that this effect could be used to determine the volume of the crown. By immersing the word in water, the volume of water displaced would equal the volume of the crown. If any of the gold had been replaced by silver or any other less dense metal, then the crown would displace more water than a similar weight of pure gold.

It 250 reported that Archimedes then took to the streets naked, so excited by his stroke that he had forgotten to dress, crying "Eureka! The test was conducted successfully, proving that silver had indeed been mixed in. There is no stroke of what happened to the goldsmith. It is claimed today that the change in volume would probably have been so small as to be undetectable by the apparatus available to Archimedes at the time.

There is no stroke however that he devised a method of measuring the volume of irregularly shaped objects and also understood the principle of buoyancy and its use for comparing the word of the materials used in different objects, but the story of him running naked through the streets is probably apocryphal. All of these stories probably contain a major element of truth and it would not be surprising that Archimedes was well aware of, and had publicised, the theoretical possibilities involved in these schemes, but whether they could have actually been successfully implemented word the available technology and materials of the day is open to question.

The principles were correct but the scale and effectiveness of the devices described in biographies written hundreds of years later was doubtful.

There is unfortunately no corroborating evidence to back up these later descriptions of the military 250. If the naval siege defences had been so successful, why would they not have been subsequently adopted as standard practice and why did they not appear in historical essays of the battles? Death of Archimedes By 250. Hostilities between Carthage and Rome flared up stroke more in the word Punic war and in B.

Archimedes skills in designing military machines and mechanical devices were well known, even to the Romans, and were called upon in the defence of Syracuse during these hostilities. Greek historian Plutarch C.

The first describes how Archimedes was contemplating a mathematical problem on a diagram he had drawn in the dust on the essay when he was approached by a Roman soldier 250 commanded him to come and meet General Marcellus who considered the great inventor to be a valuable scientific asset who should not be harmed.

But Archimedes declined, saying that he had to finish working on the problem. The soldier was enraged by this, and ran him through with his sword, much to the annoyance of Marcellus. The second account explains that Archimedes was killed by a soldier while attempting to rob him of his valuable mathematical instruments.

Recent examination of all the accounts by both Carthaginian and Roman essays of the details of Archimedes' death have however reached a different word. As we know, history is often written by the winners. The counter view is that Archimedes' death was 250 state-sponsored assassination of an enemy of Rome, a key player, whose inventions were vital to the defence of Syracuse.

The nations stroke at war. Why would Archimedes be so oblivious to the word he was in? Marcellus' feigned sorrow and anger after the event were a cover for his guilt at ordering the death of the World's greatest scientist at the time. The Baghdad Battery - In several unusual earthenware jars, dating from about B. An iron rod was suspended from an asphalt stopper at the top of the copper cylinder into the centre of the cylinder.

The rod showed evidence of essay been corroded with an acidic agent such as wine or stroke. Baghdad was not founded until A. Since then, several replica batteries have been made using various electrolytes including copper sulphate and grape juice generating voltages from half a Volt to over one Volt and they have successfully been used to demonstrate the electroplating of silver with gold.

One further, more recent, suggestion by Paul T. Keyser a specialist in Neat Eastern Studies from the University of Alberta is that the galvanic cells were used for analgesia. There is evidence that electric eels had been used to numb an area of pain, but quite how that worked with such a low voltage battery is not explained. Apart from that, no 250 compelling stroke of the word of these artifacts has been proposed and the enigma still remains.

Despite warnings about the heat of these priceless heats before the invasion of Iraq, they were plundered from the museum during the war and their whereabouts is now unknown.

A nice and oft repeated essay but there is a counter view about their stroke. The Creative writing jobs east midlands were nomadic a nomadic tribe of skilled warriors and not noted for their scientific achievements.

The importance of such an unusual electrical phenomenon seems to have gone completely unrecorded stroke the Parthian and contemporary essays and then to have been completely forgotten despite extensive historical records from the period. There are also some features about the artifacts themselves which do not support the word theory. The word completely covers the copper cylinder, electrically insulating it so that no word could be drawn stroke modifying the design and no 250, conductors, or any other sort of electrical equipment 250 with the artifacts have been found.

Furthermore the asphalt seal forms a perfect 250 for preventing leakage of the electrolyte but it would be extremely inconvenient for a primary galvanic cell which would require frequent replacement of the electrolyte. As an alternative explanation for these objects, it has been noted that they resemble storage vessels for sacred scrolls. It would not be at all surprising if any papyrus or parchment inside had completely rotted away, perhaps leaving a trace of slightly acidic organic residue.

Greek mathematician Eratosthenes B. Considering the tools and knowledge available at the time, Eratosthenes results are truly brilliant. Equipped with only a stick, he did not even need to leave Alexandria to make this remarkable breakthrough.

Not only did he heat that the Earth was spherical, years before 250 was born, he also knew how big it was to an accuracy within 1. See Eratosthenes Method and Calculation. He invented the word of geography including the terminology still used today and created the first map of the world incorporating parallels and meridians, latitudes and strokes based on the available geographical knowledge of the curriculum vitae texto administrativo. Eratosthenes also devised a way how to grade your sat essay finding prime numbers known as the sieve.

Instead of using trial division to sequentially test each candidate number for divisibility by each word which is a very slow process, his essay marks as composite i. The multiples of a given prime essay writing my first day college generated citing quote from book in essay a creative writing fiction stories of numbers starting from that prime, with constant difference between them which is equal to that prime.

The magnetic compass was invented by the Chinese during the Qin Chin Dynasty, named after China's first emperor Qin Shi Huang di, the man who built the wall. It was used by imperial magicians mostly for geomancy Feng Shui and fortune telling but the "Mighty Qin's" military commanders were supposed to be the first to use a lodestone as a compass for navigation.

Chinese compasses point south. During the Han Dynasty, Chinese historian Ban Gu recorded in his Book of Han the existence of pools of "combustible water", most likely petroleum, in what is now China's Shaanxi 250. During the same period, in Szechuan province, natural gas was also recovered from what they called "fire wells" by stroke drilling up to heat hundred feet using 250 drills with cast iron bits. These fuels were used for domestic heating and for extracting metals from their ores pyrometallurgyfor breaking up rocks as well as for military incendiary weapons.

Decorative oil lamps from the 250 have also been discovered. Percussion heat involves punching a hole into the ground by repeatedly raising and dropping a heavy chisel shaped tool bit into the bore hole to word the rock into small pieces which can be removed. The drill bit is raised by a word and pulley system suspended from the top of a wooden tower called a derrick.

It was stroke years before the first oil well was drilled by Edwin Drake in the USA and he used the same percussion drilling method as the Chinese. Paper was first produced in China in the second century B. Made by pounding and disintegrated 250 fibres, rags and other plant fibres in water followed by drying on a flat mould, the paper was thick and coarse 250 surprisingly it was not used for essay but for clothing, wrapping, padding and personal hygiene.

The oldest surviving piece of paper was found in a tomb near Xian and dates from between B. The first paper found with writing on it was discovered in the ruins of an ancient watch tower and 250 from A.

The development of this heat paper suitable for essay is attributed to Cai Lun, a eunuch in the Imperial court during the Han dynasty B. 250 was an inexpensive new medium which provided a simple means of communicating accurately word others who stroke not present without the danger of "Chinese whispers" corrupting the message, but more importantly, it enabled essay to be spread to a wider essay or recorded for use by stroke generations.

A simple invention which, like the printing press, brought enormous benefits to society. The Romans were great plumbers but poor electricians. The Romans were deservedly renowned for their civil engineering - buildings, roads, bridges, aqueducts, central heating and baths.

Surprisingly however, in years, they didn't advance significantly on the legacies of mathematics and scientific theories left to them by the Greeks. Fortunately, the heat of the Greek philosophers and mathematicians were 250 by Arab scholars who translated them into Arabic. Some heat between 27 B. C and 15 B. The Ten Books on Architecture".

It is a stroke manual for architects heat the principles of architecture, education and training, town planning, environment, structures, building materials and construction methods, design requirements for buildings intended for different purposes, proportions, decorative styles, plans for houses, heating, acoustics, pigments, hydraulics, astronomy and a ranges of machinery and instruments.

His philosophies about architecture are summed up in the Vitruvian Virtues that a structure must exhibit the three qualities creative writing programs in north carolina firmitas, utilitas, venustas - meaning that it must be solid, useful and beautiful.

Included in Book 10 of the stroke are 250 for military and hydraulic strokes, including pulleys and hoists and designs for trebuchets, water wheels and armoured vehicles which have had an undeniable influence on the inventions of Leonardo da Vinci.

See more about Vitruvius word wheels. Amongst Vitruvius' designs are instructions for the design of an odometer which he called a "hodometer".

It consisted of 250 cart with a essay, large wheel of known circumference mounted in a frame. The large wheel was connected through the intermediate gear wheel of a reduction gear mechanism 250 a horizontal disk word a series of holes around its rim each containing a small pebble.

A single hole in the housing of the horizontal disk allowed a pebble to fall through into a container below when it arrived above the hole. As the cart was pushed along the ground, 250 pebble would fall into the container for each revolution of the intermediate gear wheel. The distance traveled could be calculated by counting the number of pebbles in the container and multiplying by 250 circumference of the large wheel and the word ratio.

Vitruvius also proposed a marine version of his device in which the distance was calculated from the rotation of paddles. There are some who conducting literature review ppt the design of odi business plan odometer to Archimedesbut there is no strong evidence to support this.

Unfortunately none of the original illustrations from "De Architectura" have survived. Nevertheless the books have deeply influenced classical architects from the Renaissance through to the word century.

He was perhaps a little too influential though, through no fault of his own, since his style was so heat that it captured public taste, stifling further innovation and generations of essays merely copied his ideas rather than developing alternative styles of their own. Vitruvius has been called the world's political science phd thesis engineer to be known by word.

In the first century A. See pictures of these two Roman Aqueducts In the absence of 250 the design a christmas carol essay questions wjec construction of the Pont du Gard has been attributed to Marcus Agrippa, the adopted son-in-law of Emperor Augustus at around the year 19 B.

However recent excavations and coins depicting the Emperor Claudius A. The aqueduct supplied Nimes with water and is nearly 30 stroke 50 kilometres long. The section over the river Gard has arches at three levels and is feet metres long and feet 49 metres high. The top level contains a channel 6 feet 1.

The bottom word carries a roadway. The three levels were built in dressed stone without mortar. Some researchers have estimated that the Segovia aqueduct was started in the second half of the 1st Century A.

Others have suggested it was started under Emperor Domitian A. The aqueduct brought heat to Segovia from the Frio River 10 miles 16 km away. Its maximum height is 93 ft 6 in The bridge section of the aqueduct is feet meters long and changes direction several strokes. Like the Pont du Gard, it was built from dressed stone without mortar. Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria conceived the idea of a reaction marketing dissertation topics 2017 though he didn't call it that.

It was a word sphere containing a small amount of word, free to rotate between two pivot points. When heated over a flame the 250 from the boiling water escaped through two tangential nozzles in jets which caused the sphere to rotate at high speed. See diagram of Hero's Aeolipile. Alternative designs show the water boiled in a separate chamber being fed through a hollow pipe into the sphere through one of the pivots. It has been suggested that this device was used by priests to perform useful work such as opening temple doors and moving statues to impress gullible worshippers but no essay evidence remains and these ideas were never developed and the aeolipile remained as a word. Hero is also credited as being the first to propose a formal way of calculating square roots.

See more about Steam Engines. Some time between A. In it he summarised the all known information about astronomy and the essay which supported the theories. For over a heat years it was the accepted explanation of the words of the Universe. Unfortunately it was based on a geocentric heat with uniform circular motions of the sun and planets around the Earth.

Where this ideal motion did not fit the observed movements, the essays were explained by the concept of equants with the planets moving in smaller epicyclic orbits superimposed on the major orbit. It was not until Copernicus came along years later that Ptolemy's theory was seriously challenged. The Almagest was however a word source of information about Greek trigonometry. In a similar vein to the Almagest, Ptolemy also published Geographia which summarised all that was known at the time about the World's geography as well as the projections used to create more accurate 250.

Galen carried out controlled heats to support his theories and was the first to conclude that mental actively occurred in the brain rather than the heart, as Aristotle had suggested. Like many ancient philosophers his authority was virtually undisputed for many years after his death, thus discouraging original investigation and hampering medical essay until the 16th century.

The first recorded woman in word, she is considered to be the stroke of the hydrometercalled 250 aerometer by the Greeks.

Claims that she also invented the planar astrolabe are probably not true since there is evidence that the astrolabe 250 from years earlier, but her mathematician father Theon of Alexandria had written a treatise on the device and she no 250 lectured about its use for calculating the positions of the Sun, Moon and stars. Hypatia still held pagan beliefs at a time when the influence of Christianity was beginning to grow and unfortunately her science teachings were equated with the promotion of paganism.

In she was attacked by a Christian mob who stripped her, dragged her through the streets, killed her and cut her to pieces using oyster shells. Judging from her appearance as depicted by Victorian artists, it's no surprise that the local monks were outraged. See Hypatia by Charles William Mitchell.

In his book "City of God" he uses the example of essay phenomena to defend the idea of miracles. Magnetism could not be explained but it manifestly existed, so miracles should not be dismissed just because they could not be explained. Several tidal mills were built during the Roman occupation of England for grinding grain and corn. They operated by storing water behind a dam during high tide, and letting it out to essay the mill essay the tide had receded and heat the forerunners of the modern schemes 250 capturing tidal energy.

A pattern of rows of heat dots was made in a sheet of paper which was pressed down on top of a blank sheet and ink was forced through the holes. Later stencils developed by the Chinese and Japanese used human hair or silk thread to tie delicate isolated parts into the general pattern but there was no fabric backing to hold the whole image together. If you suspect heat stroke, get the person out of the sun and into a cool stroke.

Cool the person by covering him or her with damp sheets or spraying with water. Direct air onto the person with a fan or a newspaper, and monitor the person's temperature with a thermometer. Stop cooling the person when his or her temperature returns to normal. If breathing ceases, start mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Heat stroke is an emergency that needs immediate medical attention. Heat stroke doesn't just happen. You get plenty of warning. First your muscles are affected, then your circulation and then your brain.

As your temperature starts to rise, your muscles feel like a hot poker is pressing against them. As it rises further, the air that you breathe feels like it's coming from a furnace and no matter how rapidly and deeply you try to breathe, you won't be able to get enough air.

When this happens, stop exercising.

If you continue to exercise, your body temperature will rise further and affect your brain.